10 questions ยท Form 4 Biology Bab 11: Coordination and Response in Humans
Which area of the central nervous system controls involuntary vital actions such as heart rate, breathing, and peristalsis?
Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.
1. Which area of the central nervous system controls involuntary vital actions such as heart rate, breathing, and peristalsis?
Answer: C
The medulla oblongata acts as the control centre for automatic involuntary functions vital for survival.
2. Which part of the brain acts as the link between the nervous system and the endocrine system by regulating the pituitary gland?
Answer: A
The hypothalamus integrates nervous inputs and controls pituitary hormone production to regulate homeostasis.
3. Which gap separates the presynaptic membrane of one neurone from the postsynaptic membrane of another?
Answer: B
The microscopic fluid-filled space between communicating neurones is called the synaptic cleft.
4. How do chemical signals cross the synaptic gap if electrical impulses cannot jump across it?
Answer: B
Electrical nerve signals are converted into chemical signals (neurotransmitters) that diffuse across the fluid-filled synaptic cleft.
5. Where is the cell body of a sensory neurone located?
Answer: B
Sensory neurones have their cell bodies grouped together in the dorsal root ganglion outside the spinal cord.
6. Parkinson's disease is linked to the degeneration of neurones that produce which specific neurotransmitter?
Answer: B
Parkinson's disease results from the breakdown of dopamine-producing neurones in the basal ganglia, causing motor tremors and rigidity.
7. Which component acts as the effector when a person squints their eyes in response to bright sunlight?
Answer: C
The iris muscles contract to narrow the pupil; muscles are the effectors carrying out the motor response.
8. Depressant drugs such as alcohol affect synaptic transmission by:
Answer: B
Depressants slow down central nervous system processing by decreasing neurotransmitter release or receptor binding.
9. Which structure in the brain is primarily responsible for maintaining posture, balance, and motor coordination?
Answer: C
The cerebellum processes sensory input to coordinate smooth skeletal muscle movements and balance.
10. What type of response is a muscle contraction triggered by touching a hot iron?
Answer: B
Withdrawing a hand from a painful stimulus is an involuntary spinal reflex designed to minimize body damage quickly.